The exhibition begins in the Shota Chartolani Archaeological Hall, displaying coins from the 5th-century BCE Colchian tetri to medieval specimens. Next is the Christian treasury: 10th–12th century icons (a 10th-century icon of the Saviour, a 12th-century icon of the Forty Martyrs), engraved and painted images of the Mother of God from the 9th–10th centuries. A separate section houses manuscripts: the Adishi Gospels of 897 (one of the oldest dated Georgian New Testaments), the Mestia Tetraevangelion of 1033, and the 10th-century Jerusalem Canon. All exhibits are originals, preserved thanks to the region's isolation.
The ethnography hall contains 19th-century photographs of Svaneti, household objects, weapons, armour, and jewellery – a picture of daily life in mountain villages before modernisation. Syrian and Byzantine art is also represented: 6th-century bronze censers, 10th–11th century reliquaries, and a 13th-century Venetian cross.
The building meets international standards: climate control, professional lighting, and English-language descriptions throughout. There is a media library with books on Svaneti's history, a café with Wi-Fi, and a bookshop. Temporary exhibitions are held in a dedicated space.