The main building is a two-storey palazzo in Stalinist Gothic style, faced with Eklar stone. The lobby features red marble, and a large full-length statue of Stalin stands on the marble staircase. The exhibition spans six halls in chronological order: childhood in Gori, revolutionary activities, rise to power, World War II (photos from the Tehran, Yalta, and Potsdam conferences), gifts from around the world, and personal belongings including his Kremlin office furniture. In the fourth hall, between marble columns, sits Stalin's death mask – one of twelve copies, by sculptor Manizer.
A separate hall opened in 2010 covers the repressions – the only section that departs from the heroic narrative. Descriptions are in Georgian and partially in English; a guide helps for full context.
In front of the building, under a Greco-Italianate glass pavilion, stands the Dzhugashvili family's wooden house – the father rented one room and ran a cobbler's workshop in the basement. To the right of the museum is a green armoured Pullman carriage weighing 83 tonnes, used by Stalin from 1941 onwards. Inside: his office, bedroom, and bathroom, all preserved as they were.